Fortunately, you cannot overdose on vitamin B12, as it is water-soluble, so adding more is not harmful
Most peptides obtained outside of a clinical trial or compounding pharmacy setting cannot be guaranteed sterile, pure, or bioactive. CSMR, 2018 Risks of Injecting an Unregulated Compound Patients often reconstitute BPC157 at home using bacteriostatic water (often purchased separately), without understanding: Sterile technique standards are not being met
However, each metabolic intermediate in the DNL pathway (i.e., citrate, acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA, and palmitate) also has second messenger functions
People with pernicious anemia, may benefit from sublingual B12 as they lack intrinsic factor and have a lot of trouble absorbing B12 through their digestive system (Ankar, 2020)
It is always better to maintain a balanced diet and receive healthful amounts of nutrients before active treatment is required
PMCID: PMC12944561